Abstract Obstructive   sleep   apnea   syndrome   (OSAS)   affects   about   2%   of   children  in   the   pre-school  phase  and  can  reach  12%  in  the  pre-pubertal  phase.  The  main  clinical   sign   is   snoring, and  this   should   not   be   ignored.   Characterized   by   nighttime   respiratory  arrest  from  total  or upper  airway  obstruction,  the  disease  leads  to   chronic  sleep  deprivation  and  consequently  a  series  of metabolic,  cognitive  and   behavioral  changes  in  children.  Treatment  should  occur  as  early  and  as effectively  as  possible,  in  an  attempt  to  prevent  the  progression  of  the  disease  and  its  side effects in  adult  life.  Adenotonsillectomy  is  gold  standard  treatment,  providing  an  improvement  in  nasal  and pharyngeal  permeability.  However,  it  does  not  correct  morphological  changes;  it  can  lead  to preoperative complications  besides  being   costly.  A  more  affordable,  less  invasive  and  less  risky  alternative treatment  for   children  is  needed.  Studies  addressing  the  rapid  expansion  of  maxilla  have  been conducted;  the   results   are   promising   but   are   still   not   well   established   in   the   literature.